Electric heating apparatus.



A. TREPREAU.

ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS. APPLIOATION FILED 00T.25,1010.

998,269. f PatentedJu1y18,1911.

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2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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V XM2( Ogg@ www ALEXANDRE TREPREAU, OF JOINVILLE-LE-PONT,.FRANCE ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS.-

Specification of Letters Paton-t. .i Patented July 18, 1911.

Application filed October 25, 1910. Serial No. 589,067.

- To all whom 'it may concern:

Be itknown that I, ALEXANDRE TREPREAU,

citizen of the French Republic, residing at Joinville-le-Pont, klSeine, France, lhave in.- vented certain newl and useful Improve ments in or Relating to Electric I-Ieating Apparatus, of which-the following is a specification, reference being `nad thereinto the accompanying drawing. l

Electric radiators as at present known have the following disadvantages: Owing tothe great mass ofmaterial by which they are constituted, which mass has to be first heated, they begin to give out heat only aff ter a comparatively long time from the moment at which they are switched into the electric circuit; and 'alsothey consume a great quantity of electric energy .and their cost priceis very high. Moreover, some of them, owing to the nature of the insulating material employed evolve a disagreeable smell. Others again in which special lamps l are used, haveonly a Vveryfsmall heatingy surface.

This invention however relates .to various construction 'of electric radiators which are free vfrom the above mentioned disadvantages. They' chiefly comprise glass tubes open at both ends, through which passes a wire which is thus in the open air, without interposition ofany other insulating ma-v terial. These apparatus instant-aneously disengage heat as soon as the circuit is closed, they consume very little electrical energy, are cheap,do not cause any unpleasant smell and haveja considerable heating surface. They are characterized, moreover, by simplicity of manufacture and of construction .of their elements. v Several constructions of electric radiators according to-this invention are illustrated by 'way of example in the accompanying drawi ngs',"in which:

Figures 1- to4 show a radiator forming a kind of screen. Fig. 1 is an elevation of the same, Figs. 2 and 3 vertical and horizontal sections respectively on line's A-B and "O-D respectively of Fig.'1, lwhile-Fig. 4

` are modified constructions.

shows separatelyga certaln number of elements arranged side` by side;` Figsx and 6 Figs'.-7 and 8 show the application of the'device to an existing heatingv apparatus, the casing of which can beutilized. y

The radiator shown in Figs. l to 4 is chiefly constituted by a frame l ornamented to a greater or less extent and supported by legs 2. Behind the frame in question are arranged superposed glass tubes 3 held by means of two metal bands 4. A metal plate 5 is placed behind the bands in question and secured to the frame 1 by meansof screws, bolts, rivets, etc. Av wire 6 passes through the tubes-3, and its ends4 terminatevat two' terminals 7 by means of which the apparatus can be put into circuit. As soon as the current begins to pass, the wires are heated and thus produce a certain heating of. the glass tubes, and owing to. their great sur:- ace, a great quantity of heat is disengaged. y The apparatus could be used either for-a continuous current circuit or for an alternating current circuit. The tubes, instead of being superposed, could be arranged next to each other or in any other suitable man ner, and the apparatus can be used in any desired position, whether vertical, horizon- `tal or inclined. The tubes could be vert-ical 'l oijinclined in a vertical plane. vIn that way there would takeplace naturally in their in'J terior a circulation of air which would render the heating more quick. Moreover it is obvious thatdimensions, shape and apv pearance of the radiator maybe varied as desired. This heating apparatus is also suitable for cooking meat, and forthat purpose several apparatus of various shapes' .have been constructed. In some (it them,

electric roasting apparatus, Fig. 5, a series of glass tubes 8 i's'placed horizontally at the top 'of the apparat-us 9, but inside it.

A cast iron plate l0 arranged above prevents the heat from escaping. The jointis of course placed below at 11 .like in existing gas roasting devices. In other apparatus (electric stoves), series of tubes and Ofcircuits are. arranged inthe four inner faces 12, 1 3, 14, l 5 of the stove, as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 6. These circuitsbeing absolutely independent of each other, it is possible to regulate the stove in avery easy and convenient manner. In this case, it is necessary to place on the bottom portion a.

sheet metal plate 16 for supporting"the` dishes and preventing -the sauce or-.gravy from overflowing on the glass tubesof the series '1.5. Ordinary glass tubes could be used for the apparatus but it is preferable to use a special glass which 'will Stand splashes of liquid without breaking.

The devicesdescribed in the foregoing as applications vof the subject of the invention,

could also be adapted so asto combine them.

with any existing heating apparatus, the source of heating being that given bythe electric current inplace of the fuel generally used in the said apparatus, which can be stoves, chaing dishes, portable tire places, etc.

Figs. 7 and 8 show by way of example the arrangement of a net-work ot' radiating elements or glass tubes placed into a casing ot the type of. stoves generally heated by meansot coke or coals in which the *inner parts, namely the furnace, ete., are done away with. These various igures are merely diagrams. The casing 17 in question has `for instance a hexagonal shapebut it could he also round or of any other shape, and is supported by suitable legs. The elements or glass tubes 18 are arranged above each other in fixed guides 19. rlhe heating wires may be tixed in the glass tubes in any suitable or well-known Way. It must however be pointed out that in this construction there is a circulation ot airin the direction of the arrows F through the perforated walls of the casing 17, thecold air heated by contact with the tubes 18 escaping while hot from the apparatus through its upper portion pro vided with a' perforated lid. 'Under those conditions. the vertical walls 17 are not heated by the radiating tubes,` and the heatof the air of a room is effected. eX- clusively by circulation.

Having` now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1 claim is:

1. An electric radiator embodying a series of glass tubes open at both ends, a tame in which said tubes are held, a resistance wire passed through said tubes permitting a `tree circulation of air through said tubes, the latter being in open communication with the atmosphere. f

2. in electric radiator comprising a series ot glass tubes open at both ends, a trame in which said tubes are mounted, a resistance wire passed circuitously through said tubes and outof contact with the walls thereof permitting a tree circulation ot air through the tubes and terminals outside said frame.-

3. An electric radiator comprising a metallic plate, a frame mounted thereon, glass tubes mounted in said frame, bands securing said tubesl in position, said tubes being` open at'both ends, a resistance wire passed through said tubes circuitously and alternately in opposite directions, and terminals for said wire outside the traine.

In testiniony whereof l atiiX my signature in the presence oi" two witnesses.

ALEXANDRE rllllllvtlilAU.

lVitnesses H. C. CoXE, Vieron Tinflvon. 

